La tercera parte proporciona un esquema de trabajo para un nuevo estudio potencial para establecer la hipótesis de falla de inhibición interhemisférica del lóbulo frontal en el trastorno bipolar. Este resultado se obtuvo al conectar los electrodos tDCS al hemisferio derecho del lóbulo frontal de los participantes mientras observaban imágenes en movimiento (de la Escala Internacional de Imágenes Afectivas), lo que concuerda con la hipótesis. La segunda parte describe nuestro propio estudio que utiliza la estimulación de corriente continua transcraneal (tDCS) para disminuir con éxito los estados de ánimo positivos en 25 individuos sanos. La literatura de neurociencia ya ofrece una gran cantidad de apoyo para esta hipótesis, como explicamos. La dominación en la activación del lado derecho, a su vez, conduce a estados de depresión. Cuando la activación eléctrica del lado izquierdo supera a la del derecho, el lóbulo frontal izquierdo domina, lo que lleva a estados exagerados de euforia (u otros que también constituyen manía). Según esta hipótesis, el trastorno bipolar es un fallo de la inhibición interhemisférica en el lóbulo frontal. Munévar sobre la neurociencia del trastorno bipolar. En la primera parte presentamos la hipótesis de G. The area is named after Pierre Paul Broca who noticed an impaired ability to produce speech in two patients who had sustained injury to the region.Este artículo tiene tres partes. This area was named after Carl Wernicke, a German neurologist who discovered that the area is related to how words and syllables are pronounced.īroca's area is an area in the frontal lobe of the brain that is related to the production of speech. Wernicke's area is an area in the cerebral cortex related to speech and is involved in both spoken and written language. The auditory cortex in the cerebral cortex processes auditory information and as part of the sensory system for hearing, performs both basic and higher hearing functions. The visual cortex is the part of the cerebral cortex that is responsible for processing visual information. The human genome codes for the speech ability that will evolve as the brain is trained. Language and speech skills are therefore acquired after birth. Neural networks are established over time as an individual learns and experiences things. Scientists find new piece of the puzzle in understanding how the brains of Alzheimer's patients work.Researchers find link between metabolism and dementia-related brain measures.Study provides insight into cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in COVID-19 delirium. When such a site is indentified, it is spared, since damaging these areas could cause a temporary or permanent loss of speech. On performing brain surgery to treat epilepsy or remove tumors for example, electrical stimulation of speech-related areas in the cortex prevents the patient from being able to name things that are shown to them and may also prevent their ability to produce grammatically coherent sentences. Determination of language areasĪ procedure called cortical stimulation mapping is a technique that is used to analyze regions of the brain that are related to speech. However, in about 19% of left-handed people, the areas responsible for language are in the right hemisphere and as many as 68% of them have some language abilities in both the left and the right hemispheres. Recent studies have shown that in around 97% of people, language is represented in the left hemisphere. Physicians noted that brain-injured patients with damage to the left hemisphere would lose power of speech and language abilities, while those with injuries to the right hemisphere did not lose this ability. The earliest research on speech and language centers of the brain dates back to the early nineteenth century. The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body while the right hemisphere controls the left side. The left hemisphere is the "logical brain" and is involved in language and analysis and the right hemisphere is the "creative brain," involved in daydreaming and imagination. The human brain is divided into two hemispheres. Ananya Mandal, MD Reviewed by Sally Robertson, B.Sc.
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